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CATALOG / 153 OBJECTS

Explore the size library

Explore current and archived artwork, adopted sizes, measurement definitions and sources. Each drawing fits its own frame. Use the stated dimensions to compare actual sizes.

Showing 153 objects

Animals / blue-whale

Blue whale

Reference geometry
Archived

25 m

Current

25 m

Selected example

A selected adult blue whale example, not a species-wide average or maximum.

Snout to tail extremity along the straightened side-view body axis.

Measurement basis

Mammal Society: Size; NOAA: Appearance.

Mammal Society gives adult length 24–26 m and notes larger females; NOAA distinguishes population and sex variation.

25 m falls within the published adult range. No particular measured individual is claimed.

NOAA and Mammal Society species accounts, accessed 2026-11-13

NOAA Fisheries ↗Full record

Animals / sperm-whale

Sperm whale

Updated illustration
Archived

16 m

Current

16 m

Selected example

Adult male length; females are substantially smaller.

Front of the head to the farthest tail-fluke tip in lateral projection.

Measurement basis

Physical Description / adult size

ADW reports males reaching 19 m and females 12 m; 16 m is an adult male example.

A practical selected example supported by the documented variation. This is neither a universal average nor a claim about an exactly measured individual.

Species account accessed 2026-11-13

University of Michigan · Animal Diversity Web ↗Full record

Animals / orca

Orca

Updated illustration
Archived

7 m

Current

7 m

Selected example

Adult male; straight snout-to-fluke total length.

Snout to the farthest tail-fluke tip, along the horizontal body axis.

Measurement basis

Physical Description / adult size

ADW gives adult male average 8 m and maximum 9.75 m. 7 m is a smaller adult example, not the mean.

A practical selected example supported by the documented variation. This is neither a universal average nor a claim about an exactly measured individual.

Species account accessed 2026-11-13

University of Michigan · Animal Diversity Web ↗Full record

Animals / great-white-shark

Great white shark

Updated illustration
Archived

4.5 m

Current

4.5 m

Selected example

Adult great white, straight snout-to-tail length.

Snout to the farthest caudal-fin tip; dorsal and pectoral fins do not define length.

Measurement basis

Physical Description / adult size

ADW reports approximately 4 m males and larger females; 4.5 m is within the adult range.

A practical selected example supported by the documented variation. This is neither a universal average nor a claim about an exactly measured individual.

Species account accessed 2026-11-13

University of Michigan · Animal Diversity Web ↗Full record

Animals / whale-shark

Whale shark

Updated illustration
Archived

10 m

Current

10 m

Selected example

Adult whale shark, total length including caudal fin.

Snout to the farthest caudal-fin tip along the horizontal axis.

Measurement basis

Physical Description / adult size

ADW gives 7 m average with much larger individuals; 10 m is a large adult example, not the maximum.

A practical selected example supported by the documented variation. This is neither a universal average nor a claim about an exactly measured individual.

Species account accessed 2026-11-13

University of Michigan · Animal Diversity Web ↗Full record

Animals / dolphin

Bottlenose dolphin

Updated illustration
Archived

3 m

Current

3 m

Selected example

Adult common bottlenose dolphin, total length.

Beak tip to the farthest tail-fluke tip along the body axis.

Measurement basis

Physical Description / adult size

ADW gives adult lengths 2.28–3.81 m; the selected 3 m lies within this range.

A practical selected example supported by the documented variation. This is neither a universal average nor a claim about an exactly measured individual.

Species account accessed 2026-11-13

University of Michigan · Animal Diversity Web ↗Full record

Animals / elephant

African elephant

Updated illustration
Archived

3.2 m

Current

3.2 m

Selected example

Adult male African bush elephant; shoulder height, not head or ear height.

Ground under the feet to the withers; excludes head and ears.

Measurement basis

Physical Description / adult size

ADW gives male shoulder heights of 3.2–4 m. The selected height is at the lower end.

A practical selected example supported by the documented variation. This is neither a universal average nor a claim about an exactly measured individual.

Species account accessed 2026-11-13

University of Michigan · Animal Diversity Web ↗Full record

Animals / giraffe

Giraffe

Reference geometry
Archived

5 m

Current

5 m

Selected example

A selected adult male giraffe example; not a claimed species-wide average.

Ground under the hooves to the top of the upright silhouette, including ossicones.

Measurement basis

Printed p. 3, height facts (fourth PDF spread).

GCF lists adult male average height 5.3 m, female average 4.3 m, and male maximum 6 m.

5 m is a reasonable adult male example near the published average. Natural variation does not require a specimen measured at exactly 5 m.

GCF Conservation Guide 2022

Giraffe Conservation Foundation · p. 3 ↗Full record

Animals / hippo

Hippopotamus

Updated illustration
Archived

3.5 m

Current

3.5 m

Selected example

Adult hippopotamus, total horizontal profile length.

Front of muzzle to the rear extremity of the horizontal profile, including the short tail.

Measurement basis

Physical Description / adult size

ADW gives total lengths of 2.09–5.05 m, including a short tail. The 3.5 m example is within that range.

A practical selected example supported by the documented variation. This is neither a universal average nor a claim about an exactly measured individual.

Species account accessed 2026-11-13

University of Michigan · Animal Diversity Web ↗Full record

Animals / rhino

White rhinoceros

Updated illustration
Archived

3.8 m

Current

3.8 m

Selected example

Adult white rhinoceros; head-body length, excluding tail and projecting horn.

Snout to rump in side elevation; excludes the projecting horn and tail.

Measurement basis

Physical Description / adult size

ADW gives head-body lengths around 3.35–3.77 m; 3.8 m is a rounded large adult example.

A practical selected example supported by the documented variation. This is neither a universal average nor a claim about an exactly measured individual.

Species account accessed 2026-11-13

University of Michigan · Animal Diversity Web ↗Full record

Animals / polar-bear

Polar bear

Updated illustration
Archived

2.5 m

Current

2.5 m

Selected example

Adult male polar bear, nose to short tail.

Nose to the short tail at the rear of the horizontal profile.

Measurement basis

Physical Description / adult size

ADW reports adult males reaching 2.5 m; selected large adult, not the mean of both sexes.

A practical selected example supported by the documented variation. This is neither a universal average nor a claim about an exactly measured individual.

Species account accessed 2026-11-13

University of Michigan · Animal Diversity Web ↗Full record

Animals / tiger

Bengal tiger

Updated illustration
Archived

1.9 m

Current

1.9 m

Selected example

Bengal tiger example; snout to rump, excluding tail.

Bengal tiger example; snout to rump, excluding tail.

Measurement basis

Size / physical description or technical dimensions

Zoo lists tiger length 1.5–2.9 m depending on sex and location; 1.9 m is a head-body reference, not total length including tail.

A selected reference example within the documented size class; not a universal average, maximum or exact specimen measurement.

Source accessed 2026-11-13

San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance ↗Full record

Animals / lion

Lion

Updated illustration
Archived

1.95 m

Current

1.95 m

Selected example

Adult male lion; head-body length excluding the tail.

Nose to tail root at the rump; the long tail is outside the measuring span.

Measurement basis

Physical Description / adult size

ADW gives total lengths 2.4–3.3 m and tails 0.6–1 m. A 1.95 m head-body example is consistent with those dimensions, not a quoted specimen.

A practical selected example supported by the documented variation. This is neither a universal average nor a claim about an exactly measured individual.

Species account accessed 2026-11-13

University of Michigan · Animal Diversity Web ↗Full record

Animals / horse

Horse

Updated illustration
Archived

1.6 m

Current

1.6 m

Selected example

Adult riding horse; ground to withers, not ears.

Ground under the feet to the withers; excludes head and ears.

Measurement basis

Physical Description / adult size

ADW describes breed variation with heights around 0.9–1.7 m and outliers. The 1.6 m reference represents a riding horse.

A practical selected example supported by the documented variation. This is neither a universal average nor a claim about an exactly measured individual.

Species account accessed 2026-11-13

University of Michigan · Animal Diversity Web ↗Full record

Animals / crocodile

Saltwater crocodile

Updated illustration
Archived

4.5 m

Current

4.5 m

Selected example

Adult male saltwater crocodile; straightened snout-to-tail length.

Snout tip to the tip of the straightened tail.

Measurement basis

Physical Description / adult size

ADW reports male maxima around 6–7 m. The selected 4.5 m is an adult example below those maxima.

A practical selected example supported by the documented variation. This is neither a universal average nor a claim about an exactly measured individual.

Species account accessed 2026-11-13

University of Michigan · Animal Diversity Web ↗Full record

Animals / ostrich

Ostrich

Updated illustration
Archived

2.4 m

Current

2.4 m

Selected example

Adult male ostrich, ground to crown with upright neck.

Adult male ostrich, ground to crown with upright neck.

Measurement basis

Size / physical description or technical dimensions

Male height is given as 6.9–9 ft (about 2.1–2.7 m); 2.4 m lies within that interval. The source has a typographic decimal error in its lower metre figure; the feet interval is unambiguous.

A selected reference example within the documented size class; not a universal average, maximum or exact specimen measurement.

Source accessed 2026-11-13

San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance ↗Full record

Animals / emperor-penguin

Emperor penguin

Updated illustration
Archived

1.1 m

Current

1.1 m

Selected example

Standing adult emperor penguin; feet to crown.

Ground under the feet to the top of the upright animal.

Measurement basis

Physical Description / adult size

ADW gives adult height 1.01–1.32 m; 1.1 m lies within the range.

A practical selected example supported by the documented variation. This is neither a universal average nor a claim about an exactly measured individual.

Species account accessed 2026-11-13

University of Michigan · Animal Diversity Web ↗Full record

Animals / human

Adult human

Reference geometry
Archived

1.7 m

Current

1.7 m

Defined reference

A standing person defined as 1.70 m tall; not a population average.

Ground under the feet to the crown of the head.

Measurement basis

Reference models and natural variation.

An explicitly defined measuring reference; no external measurement is asserted.

Project reference definition v1

Reference model ↗Full record

Animals / dog

Siberian Husky

Updated illustration
Archived

57 cm

Current

57 cm

Selected example

Adult male Siberian Husky; ground to withers, excluding head and ears.

Adult male Siberian Husky; ground to withers, excluding head and ears.

Measurement basis

Size / physical description or technical dimensions

Breed standard: males 21–23.5 inches at withers = 0.5334–0.5969 m. Selected 0.57 m lies within it.

A selected reference example within the documented size class; not a universal average, maximum or exact specimen measurement.

Source accessed 2026-11-13

American Kennel Club ↗Full record

Animals / cat

House cat

Updated illustration
Archived

46 cm

Current

46 cm

Selected example

Domestic short-haired cat example, snout to rump; excludes tail and whiskers.

Domestic short-haired cat example, snout to rump; excludes tail and whiskers.

Measurement basis

Size / physical description or technical dimensions

ADW gives average total length 76.2 cm and emphasizes breed variation. The 46 cm head-body example leaves about 30 cm for a tail; it is an editorial model, not a reported head-body mean.

A selected reference example within the documented size class; not a universal average, maximum or exact specimen measurement.

Source accessed 2026-11-13

University of Michigan · Animal Diversity Web ↗Full record

Animals / mouse

House mouse

Updated illustration
Archived

8.5 cm

Current

8.5 cm

Selected example

Adult house mouse; nose to rump, excluding the tail.

Nose to rump; tail and whiskers are outside the measuring span.

Measurement basis

Physical Description / adult size

ADW explicitly gives head-body length 65–95 mm; the selected 85 mm lies within it.

A practical selected example supported by the documented variation. This is neither a universal average nor a claim about an exactly measured individual.

Species account accessed 2026-11-13

University of Michigan · Animal Diversity Web ↗Full record

Animals / chicken

Chicken

Updated illustration
Archived

40 cm

Current

40 cm

Selected example

Standing domestic hen; ground to top of comb.

Standing domestic hen; ground to top of comb.

Measurement basis

Size / physical description or technical dimensions

Park’s animal-care species page gives height 15–65 cm depending on breed; selected 40 cm is a medium hen.

A selected reference example within the documented size class; not a universal average, maximum or exact specimen measurement.

Source accessed 2026-11-13

Malkia Park ↗Full record

Animals / giant-squid

Giant squid

Updated illustration
Archived

12 m

Current

12 m

Selected example

Giant squid total length, mantle tip to extended feeding tentacle tips.

Giant squid total length, mantle tip to extended feeding tentacle tips.

Measurement basis

Size / physical description or technical dimensions

Museum describes females reaching about 13 m and males about 10 m. A selected 12 m female example includes the long feeding tentacles.

A selected reference example within the documented size class; not a universal average, maximum or exact specimen measurement.

Source accessed 2026-11-13

Natural History Museum, London ↗Full record

Animals / honey-bee

Honey bee

Updated illustration
Archived

1.3 cm

Current

1.3 cm

Selected example

Adult worker western honey bee; head through abdomen, excluding antennae.

Front of head to tip of abdomen in dorsal view; excludes antennae, wings and legs.

Measurement basis

Physical Description / adult size

ADW gives worker length 10–15 mm; the selected 13 mm is not a queen or drone.

A practical selected example supported by the documented variation. This is neither a universal average nor a claim about an exactly measured individual.

Species account accessed 2026-11-13

University of Michigan · Animal Diversity Web ↗Full record

Animals / monarch-butterfly

Monarch butterfly

Updated illustration
Archived

10 cm

Current

10 cm

Selected example

Adult monarch with wings fully spread; wingtip to wingtip.

Fully extended wingtip to opposite wingtip.

Measurement basis

Physical Description / adult size

ADW gives wingspan 8.6–12.4 cm; the selected 10 cm lies within it.

A practical selected example supported by the documented variation. This is neither a universal average nor a claim about an exactly measured individual.

Species account accessed 2026-11-13

University of Michigan · Animal Diversity Web ↗Full record

Animals / ladybug

Seven-spot ladybird

Updated illustration
Archived

7 mm

Current

7 mm

Selected example

Adult seven-spot ladybird; body length excluding antennae.

Front of head to rear of elytra/abdomen in dorsal view; excludes antennae and legs.

Measurement basis

Physical Description / adult size

ADW gives adult length 6.5–7.8 mm; the selected 7 mm lies within it.

A practical selected example supported by the documented variation. This is neither a universal average nor a claim about an exactly measured individual.

Species account accessed 2026-11-13

University of Michigan · Animal Diversity Web ↗Full record

Animals / wolf

Grey wolf

Updated illustration
Archived

1.3 m

Current

1.3 m

Selected example

Gray wolf; nose to tail root, not tail tip.

Gray wolf; nose to tail root, not tail tip.

Measurement basis

Size / physical description or technical dimensions

Field protocol separates body, tail and total length; female body-length range 112–145 cm supports a 130 cm head-body example.

A selected reference example within the documented size class; not a universal average, maximum or exact specimen measurement.

Source accessed 2026-11-13

US National Park Service · Yellowstone wolf field protocol ↗Full record

Prehistoric life / t-rex

Tyrannosaurus rex

Updated illustration
Archived

12.3 m

Current

12.3 m

Fossil reconstruction · selected example

Estimated straight snout-to-tail total length of the reconstruction.

Estimated straight snout-to-tail total length of the reconstruction.

Measurement basis

Size / physical description or technical dimensions

NHM describes typical length around 12 m and large Sue/Scotty individuals almost 13 m. Selected 12.3 m is within those estimates.

A selected reference example within the documented size class; not a universal average, maximum or exact specimen measurement.

Source accessed 2026-11-13

Natural History Museum, London ↗Full record

Prehistoric life / triceratops

Triceratops

Updated illustration
Archived

8.5 m

Current

8.5 m

Fossil reconstruction · selected example

Estimated straight snout-to-tail total length of the reconstruction.

Estimated straight snout-to-tail total length of the reconstruction.

Measurement basis

Size / physical description or technical dimensions

NHM lists a 9 m reconstruction; 8.5 m is a slightly smaller selected example.

A selected reference example within the documented size class; not a universal average, maximum or exact specimen measurement.

Source accessed 2026-11-13

Natural History Museum, London ↗Full record

Prehistoric life / stegosaurus

Stegosaurus

Updated illustration
Archived

7 m

Current

9 m28.57%

Fossil reconstruction · selected example

Estimated straight snout-to-tail total length of the reconstruction.

Estimated straight snout-to-tail total length of the reconstruction.

Measurement basis

Size / physical description or technical dimensions

NHM lists 9 m for the genus. Adopt the museum’s estimate for this reconstruction.

A selected reference example within the documented size class; not a universal average, maximum or exact specimen measurement.

Source accessed 2026-11-13

Natural History Museum, London ↗Full record

Prehistoric life / velociraptor

Velociraptor

Updated illustration
Archived

2 m

Current

1.8 m-10.00%

Fossil reconstruction · selected example

Estimated straight snout-to-tail total length of the reconstruction.

Estimated straight snout-to-tail total length of the reconstruction.

Measurement basis

Size / physical description or technical dimensions

NHM lists 1.8 m. Adopt that estimate; feather covering is part of the illustration.

A selected reference example within the documented size class; not a universal average, maximum or exact specimen measurement.

Source accessed 2026-11-13

Natural History Museum, London ↗Full record

Prehistoric life / brachiosaurus

Brachiosaurus

Updated illustration
Archived

12 m

Current

12 m

Fossil reconstruction · selected example

Estimated ground-to-head height with raised neck; not shoulder height or a mounted-skeleton measurement.

Estimated ground-to-head height with raised neck; not shoulder height or a mounted-skeleton measurement.

Measurement basis

Size / physical description or technical dimensions

USGS educational account gives 12 m height and 23 m length. Historic reconstructions and neck posture differ; this is a selected estimate, not a claim that all specimens stood 12 m.

A selected reference example within the documented size class; not a universal average, maximum or exact specimen measurement.

Source accessed 2026-11-13

US Geological Survey ↗Full record

Prehistoric life / diplodocus

Diplodocus

Updated illustration
Archived

26 m

Current

26 m

Fossil reconstruction · selected example

Estimated straight snout-to-tail total length of the reconstruction.

Estimated straight snout-to-tail total length of the reconstruction.

Measurement basis

Size / physical description or technical dimensions

NHM lists a 26 m reconstruction, including the long whip tail.

A selected reference example within the documented size class; not a universal average, maximum or exact specimen measurement.

Source accessed 2026-11-13

Natural History Museum, London ↗Full record

Prehistoric life / spinosaurus

Spinosaurus

Updated illustration
Archived

14 m

Current

14 m

Fossil reconstruction · selected example

Estimated straight snout-to-tail total length of the reconstruction.

Estimated straight snout-to-tail total length of the reconstruction.

Measurement basis

Size / physical description or technical dimensions

NHM lists 14 m. Body proportions and posture remain debated; the drawing is an illustrative reconstruction.

A selected reference example within the documented size class; not a universal average, maximum or exact specimen measurement.

Source accessed 2026-11-13

Natural History Museum, London ↗Full record

Prehistoric life / pteranodon

Pteranodon

Updated illustration
Archived

6 m

Current

6 m

Fossil reconstruction · selected example

Estimated fully extended wingtip-to-wingtip span of Pteranodon longiceps.

Estimated fully extended wingtip-to-wingtip span of Pteranodon longiceps.

Measurement basis

Size / physical description or technical dimensions

AMNH gives wingspans up to 6 m. Selected large adult reconstruction.

A selected reference example within the documented size class; not a universal average, maximum or exact specimen measurement.

Source accessed 2026-11-13

American Museum of Natural History ↗Full record

Prehistoric life / quetzalcoatlus

Quetzalcoatlus

Updated illustration
Archived

10.5 m

Current

10.5 m

Fossil reconstruction · selected example

Estimated fully extended wingtip-to-wingtip span of Quetzalcoatlus northropi.

Estimated fully extended wingtip-to-wingtip span of Quetzalcoatlus northropi.

Measurement basis

Size / physical description or technical dimensions

Research team describes the giant species with an approximately 40-foot span; NHM gives around 11 m. A selected 10.5 m estimate is not the smaller Q. lawsoni species.

A selected reference example within the documented size class; not a universal average, maximum or exact specimen measurement.

Source accessed 2026-11-13

University of Texas at Austin ↗Full record

Prehistoric life / mammoth

Woolly mammoth

Updated illustration
Archived

3.1 m

Current

3.1 m

Fossil reconstruction · selected example

Woolly mammoth reconstruction; ground to shoulder, excluding cranial dome and tusks.

Woolly mammoth reconstruction; ground to shoulder, excluding cranial dome and tusks.

Measurement basis

Size / physical description or technical dimensions

NHM describes woolly mammoths at 3–3.5 m shoulder height; selected 3.1 m lies within it.

A selected reference example within the documented size class; not a universal average, maximum or exact specimen measurement.

Source accessed 2026-11-13

Natural History Museum, London ↗Full record

Prehistoric life / megalodon

Megalodon

Updated illustration
Archived

15 m

Current

15 m

Fossil reconstruction · selected example

Estimated total snout-to-tail length of Otodus megalodon.

Estimated total snout-to-tail length of Otodus megalodon.

Measurement basis

Size / physical description or technical dimensions

Tooth-based estimates discussed by the museum place large animals at 15–18 m; newer estimates can be larger. The selected 15 m is not a maximum-size claim. No complete skeleton establishes a unique silhouette.

A selected reference example within the documented size class; not a universal average, maximum or exact specimen measurement.

Source accessed 2026-11-13

Natural History Museum, London ↗Full record

Planets and moons / mercury

Mercury

Updated illustration
Archived

4,879 km

Current

4,878.8 km-0.00%

Published measurement

Mean diameter, calculated as twice the mean radius; excludes rings and atmosphere limb effects.

Diameter across the centre of the disc.

Measurement basis

Named body row, Mean Radius (km). Multiply by 2; do not substitute equatorial radius.

JPL physical parameters table accessed 2026-11-13; radius reference identified in the linked row

NASA/JPL Solar System Dynamics ↗Full record

Planets and moons / venus

Venus

Updated illustration
Archived

12,104 km

Current

12,103.6 km-0.00%

Published measurement

Mean diameter, calculated as twice the mean radius; excludes rings and atmosphere limb effects.

Diameter across the centre of the disc.

Measurement basis

Named body row, Mean Radius (km). Multiply by 2; do not substitute equatorial radius.

JPL physical parameters table accessed 2026-11-13; radius reference identified in the linked row

NASA/JPL Solar System Dynamics ↗Full record

Planets and moons / earth

Earth

Updated illustration
Archived

12,742 km

Current

12,742 km

Published measurement

Mean diameter derived from mean radius; not equatorial diameter.

Diameter across the centre of the mean-size disc.

Measurement basis

Earth row, Mean Radius (km), reference [D]. Diameter rounded to the nearest kilometre.

JPL Planetary Physical Parameters; reference [D], IAU 2015 report (Archinal et al., 2018)

NASA/JPL · IAU 2015 report ↗Full record

Planets and moons / mars

Mars

Updated illustration
Archived

6,779 km

Current

6,779 km

Published measurement

Mean diameter derived from mean radius; not equatorial diameter.

Diameter across the centre of the mean-size disc.

Measurement basis

Mars row, Mean Radius (km), reference [D]. Twice the listed radius is 6,779 km.

JPL Planetary Physical Parameters; reference [D], IAU 2015 report (Archinal et al., 2018)

NASA/JPL · IAU 2015 report ↗Full record

Planets and moons / jupiter

Jupiter

Updated illustration
Archived

139,820 km

Current

139,822 km0.00%

Published measurement

Mean diameter, calculated as twice the mean radius; excludes rings and atmosphere limb effects.

Diameter across the centre of the disc.

Measurement basis

Named body row, Mean Radius (km). Multiply by 2; do not substitute equatorial radius.

JPL physical parameters table accessed 2026-11-13; radius reference identified in the linked row

NASA/JPL Solar System Dynamics ↗Full record

Planets and moons / saturn

Saturn

Updated illustration
Archived

116,460 km

Current

116,464 km0.00%

Published measurement

Mean diameter, calculated as twice the mean radius; excludes rings and atmosphere limb effects.

Diameter across the centre of the disc.

Measurement basis

Named body row, Mean Radius (km). Multiply by 2; do not substitute equatorial radius.

JPL physical parameters table accessed 2026-11-13; radius reference identified in the linked row

NASA/JPL Solar System Dynamics ↗Full record

Planets and moons / uranus

Uranus

Updated illustration
Archived

50,724 km

Current

50,724 km

Published measurement

Mean diameter, calculated as twice the mean radius; excludes rings and atmosphere limb effects.

Diameter across the centre of the disc.

Measurement basis

Named body row, Mean Radius (km). Multiply by 2; do not substitute equatorial radius.

JPL physical parameters table accessed 2026-11-13; radius reference identified in the linked row

NASA/JPL Solar System Dynamics ↗Full record

Planets and moons / neptune

Neptune

Updated illustration
Archived

49,244 km

Current

49,244 km

Published measurement

Mean diameter, calculated as twice the mean radius; excludes rings and atmosphere limb effects.

Diameter across the centre of the disc.

Measurement basis

Named body row, Mean Radius (km). Multiply by 2; do not substitute equatorial radius.

JPL physical parameters table accessed 2026-11-13; radius reference identified in the linked row

NASA/JPL Solar System Dynamics ↗Full record

Planets and moons / moon

The Moon

Updated illustration
Archived

3,475 km

Current

3,474.8 km

Published measurement

Mean diameter, calculated as twice the mean radius; excludes rings and atmosphere limb effects.

Diameter across the centre of the disc.

Measurement basis

Named body row, Mean Radius (km). Multiply by 2; do not substitute equatorial radius.

JPL physical parameters table accessed 2026-11-13; radius reference identified in the linked row

NASA/JPL Solar System Dynamics ↗Full record

Planets and moons / io

Io

Updated illustration
Archived

3,643 km

Current

3,642.98 km-0.01%

Published measurement

Mean diameter, calculated as twice the mean radius; excludes rings and atmosphere limb effects.

Diameter across the centre of the disc.

Measurement basis

Named body row, Mean Radius (km). Multiply by 2; do not substitute equatorial radius.

JPL physical parameters table accessed 2026-11-13; radius reference identified in the linked row

NASA/JPL Solar System Dynamics ↗Full record

Planets and moons / europa

Europa

Updated illustration
Archived

3,122 km

Current

3,121.6 km

Published measurement

Mean diameter, calculated as twice the mean radius; excludes rings and atmosphere limb effects.

Diameter across the centre of the disc.

Measurement basis

Named body row, Mean Radius (km). Multiply by 2; do not substitute equatorial radius.

JPL physical parameters table accessed 2026-11-13; radius reference identified in the linked row

NASA/JPL Solar System Dynamics ↗Full record

Planets and moons / ganymede

Ganymede

Updated illustration
Archived

5,268 km

Current

5,262.4 km-0.11%

Published measurement

Mean diameter, calculated as twice the mean radius; excludes rings and atmosphere limb effects.

Diameter across the centre of the disc.

Measurement basis

Named body row, Mean Radius (km). Multiply by 2; do not substitute equatorial radius.

JPL physical parameters table accessed 2026-11-13; radius reference identified in the linked row

NASA/JPL Solar System Dynamics ↗Full record

Planets and moons / callisto

Callisto

Updated illustration
Archived

4,821 km

Current

4,820.6 km

Published measurement

Mean diameter, calculated as twice the mean radius; excludes rings and atmosphere limb effects.

Diameter across the centre of the disc.

Measurement basis

Named body row, Mean Radius (km). Multiply by 2; do not substitute equatorial radius.

JPL physical parameters table accessed 2026-11-13; radius reference identified in the linked row

NASA/JPL Solar System Dynamics ↗Full record

Planets and moons / titan

Titan

Updated illustration
Archived

5,150 km

Current

5,149.52 km0.00%

Published measurement

Mean diameter, calculated as twice the mean radius; excludes rings and atmosphere limb effects.

Diameter across the centre of the disc.

Measurement basis

Named body row, Mean Radius (km). Multiply by 2; do not substitute equatorial radius.

JPL physical parameters table accessed 2026-11-13; radius reference identified in the linked row

NASA/JPL Solar System Dynamics ↗Full record

Planets and moons / triton

Triton

Updated illustration
Archived

2,707 km

Current

2,705.2 km-0.06%

Published measurement

Mean diameter, calculated as twice the mean radius; excludes rings and atmosphere limb effects.

Diameter across the centre of the disc.

Measurement basis

Named body row, Mean Radius (km). Multiply by 2; do not substitute equatorial radius.

JPL physical parameters table accessed 2026-11-13; radius reference identified in the linked row

NASA/JPL Solar System Dynamics ↗Full record

Planets and moons / pluto

Pluto

Updated illustration
Archived

2,377 km

Current

2,376.6 km

Published measurement

Mean diameter, calculated as twice the mean radius; excludes rings and atmosphere limb effects.

Diameter across the centre of the disc.

Measurement basis

Named body row, Mean Radius (km). Multiply by 2; do not substitute equatorial radius.

JPL physical parameters table accessed 2026-11-13; radius reference identified in the linked row

NASA/JPL Solar System Dynamics ↗Full record

Planets and moons / ceres

Ceres

Updated illustration
Archived

939 km

Current

939.4 km

Published measurement

Mean diameter, calculated as twice the mean radius; excludes rings and atmosphere limb effects.

Diameter across the centre of the disc.

Measurement basis

Named body row, Mean Radius (km). Multiply by 2; do not substitute equatorial radius.

JPL physical parameters table accessed 2026-11-13; radius reference identified in the linked row

NASA/JPL Solar System Dynamics ↗Full record

Planets and moons / charon

Charon

Updated illustration
Archived

1,212 km

Current

1,212 km

Published measurement

Mean diameter, calculated as twice the mean radius; excludes rings and atmosphere limb effects.

Diameter across the centre of the disc.

Measurement basis

Named body row, Mean Radius (km). Multiply by 2; do not substitute equatorial radius.

JPL physical parameters table accessed 2026-11-13; radius reference identified in the linked row

NASA/JPL Solar System Dynamics ↗Full record

Everyday objects / banana

Banana

Updated illustration
Archived

19 cm

Current

19 cm

Selected example

Selected medium banana; cultivar and curvature vary.

Straight end-to-end span of the illustrated banana, not an arc along the peel.

Measurement basis

USDA Release 28, report 2017-03-15; medium portion heading.

USDA medium category is 7 to 7⅞ inches long (17.78–20.00 cm).

Selected illustrative example within this product class or published range; not a universal size or an exact named product.

Source edition described below; accessed 2026-11-13

USDA · SR Legacy 09040 ↗Full record

Everyday objects / aa-battery

AA battery

Updated illustration
Archived

5.05 cm

Current

5.05 cm

Published measurement

AA/LR6 maximum overall length, including positive terminal.

AA/LR6 maximum overall length, including positive terminal.

Measurement basis

Energizer E91 dimension drawing: overall 49.20–50.50 mm; upper envelope adopted, not a universal exact cell length.

Published specification accessed 2026-11-13

Energizer · engineering datasheet (distributor-hosted) ↗Full record

Everyday objects / credit-card

Credit card

Updated illustration
Archived

8.56 cm

Current

8.56 cm

Published measurement

ISO ID-1 / CR80 nominal card width along the long edge.

ISO ID-1 / CR80 nominal card width along the long edge.

Measurement basis

Plastic Cards: ISO 7810 dimensions 53.98 × 85.60 mm.

Published specification accessed 2026-11-13

Matica · card printer specification ↗Full record

Everyday objects / a4-paper

A4 sheet of paper

Updated illustration
Archived

29.7 cm

Current

29.7 cm

Published measurement

A4 nominal long-edge height, not US Letter paper.

A4 nominal long-edge height, not US Letter paper.

Measurement basis

Die Maße der A-Formate: A4 height 297 mm, width 210 mm.

Published specification accessed 2026-11-13

DIN ↗Full record

Everyday objects / pencil

New pencil

Updated illustration
Archived

19 cm

Current

19 cm

Selected example

New full-length wooden pencil with eraser.

Eraser end to graphite point.

Measurement basis

Specifications: pencil length 7.5 inches.

7.5 inches = 190.5 mm; selected example rounded to 19 cm.

Selected illustrative example within this product class or published range; not a universal size or an exact named product.

Source edition described below; accessed 2026-11-13

Target · Ticonderoga product specification ↗Full record

Everyday objects / quarter

US quarter

Updated illustration
Archived

2.43 cm

Current

2.426 cm

Published measurement

US quarter dollar outside diameter.

US quarter dollar outside diameter.

Measurement basis

Quarter: diameter 24.26 mm; divide by 1000 for metres.

Published specification accessed 2026-11-13

US Mint ↗Full record

Everyday objects / vinyl-record

12-inch vinyl record

Updated illustration
Archived

30.2 cm

Current

30.2 cm

Selected example

Selected 12-inch LP pressing, approximately 30.2 cm across.

Outside diameter, excluding the centre hole from neither endpoint.

Measurement basis

Page 2, Type 30 dimensional diagram: outside diameter 300.8–302.4 mm.

The pressing technical drawing allows 300.8–302.4 mm outside diameter for Type 30 records.

302 mm is a representative 12-inch class record within the manufacturer range, not a universal exact diameter.

GZ Media technical conditions, revision 10 (2017-02-07), SNA-GZ copy

GZ Media · manufacturing specifications ↗Full record

Everyday objects / cd

CD

Updated illustration
Archived

12 cm

Current

12 cm

Published measurement

120 mm CD-ROM outer diameter; not the centre-hole diameter or an 80 mm mini CD.

120 mm CD-ROM outer diameter; not the centre-hole diameter or an 80 mm mini CD.

Measurement basis

ECMA-130, second edition June 1996: 120 mm optical data disks.

Published specification accessed 2026-11-13

Ecma International ↗Full record

Everyday objects / door

Interior door

Updated illustration
Archived

2.03 m

Current

2.03 m

Selected example

Selected US 80-inch-class interior door leaf; excludes frame.

Bottom to top of the door leaf, excluding frame and threshold.

Measurement basis

Product title: 80-inch nominal door height.

80 inches = 2.032 m nominal; actual trim and regional door sizes differ.

Selected illustrative example within this product class or published range; not a universal size or an exact named product.

Source edition described below; accessed 2026-11-13

JELD-WEN · product specification ↗Full record

Everyday objects / bathtub

Bathtub

Updated illustration
Archived

1.52 m

Current

1.52 m

Selected example

Selected 60-inch-class bathtub, not internal bathing length.

Outside end to outside end of tub rim.

Measurement basis

K-1946-RAW overall length dimension 60 inches / 1524 mm.

The manufacturer drawing gives 1.524 m outside length; selected example 1.52 m.

Selected illustrative example within this product class or published range; not a universal size or an exact named product.

Source edition described below; accessed 2026-11-13

Kohler · engineering specification ↗Full record

Everyday objects / guitar

Acoustic guitar

Updated illustration
Archived

1 m

Current

1 m

Selected example

Selected full-size acoustic guitar; not scale length or body-only length.

Base of body to end of headstock.

Measurement basis

Specifications: total length, C40 995 mm and F310 1029 mm.

Manufacturer full-size examples span approximately 0.995–1.029 m.

Selected illustrative example within this product class or published range; not a universal size or an exact named product.

Source edition described below; accessed 2026-11-13

Yamaha ↗Full record

Everyday objects / smartphone

Smartphone

Updated illustration
Archived

15 cm

Current

15 cm

Selected example

Unbranded 15 cm-class smartphone, without case.

Bottom to top of device body.

Measurement basis

Size and Weight: height 147.6 mm.

A manufacturer example is 147.6 mm tall; the drawing is not claimed to depict this exact model.

Selected illustrative example within this product class or published range; not a universal size or an exact named product.

Source edition described below; accessed 2026-11-13

Apple · iPhone 15 technical specification ↗Full record

Everyday objects / dollar-bill

US dollar bill

Updated illustration
Archived

15.6 cm

Current

15.6 cm

Published measurement

Modern US banknote long edge; the same small-size format used by the one-dollar note.

Modern US banknote long edge; the same small-size format used by the one-dollar note.

Measurement basis

1929 Standardization of Design: 6.14 inches × 25.4 = 155.956 mm, rounded to 156 mm.

Published specification accessed 2026-11-13

US Currency Education Program ↗Full record

Everyday objects / lego-brick

2×4 LEGO brick

Updated illustration
Archived

3.18 cm

Current

3.18 cm

Published measurement

Classic 2×4 brick 3001 external body length, excluding nominal grid clearance.

Classic 2×4 brick 3001 external body length, excluding nominal grid clearance.

Measurement basis

Technical drawing long edge: 31.8 mm; nominal stud pitch is 8 mm, not a 32 mm external length.

Published specification accessed 2026-11-13

Christoph Bartneck · measured technical drawing ↗Full record

Everyday objects / rubiks-cube

Rubik's Cube

Updated illustration
Archived

5.7 cm

Current

5.7 cm

Selected example

Selected 57 mm 3×3 cube; other editions and speed cubes vary.

Left to right edge of the front-facing square face; no perspective shortening.

Measurement basis

Rubik’s 3×3, pp. 8–9: 57 × 57 × 57 mm.

This licensed catalogue provides a 57 mm cube example.

Selected illustrative example within this product class or published range; not a universal size or an exact named product.

Source edition described below; accessed 2026-11-13

Preseli · licensed Rubik’s product catalogue ↗Full record

Everyday objects / wine-bottle

Wine bottle

Updated illustration
Archived

30 cm

Current

30 cm

Selected example

Selected 750 mL Bordeaux-style bottle.

Base to bottle lip; excludes any projecting cork.

Measurement basis

Dimensioned bottle drawing: height 300 mm.

Manufacturer example has a nominal height of 300 mm; bottle shapes and closures vary.

Selected illustrative example within this product class or published range; not a universal size or an exact named product.

Source edition described below; accessed 2026-11-13

Cristallo · Bordeaux bottle drawing ↗Full record

Everyday objects / soda-can

Soda can

Updated illustration
Archived

12.2 cm

Current

12.2 cm

Selected example

Selected approximately 12.2 cm standard 355 mL beverage can.

Base to top of the illustrated can; pull tab does not extend above the rim.

Measurement basis

Standard 12 oz can body, flanged open-can height 122.22 mm.

Engineering drawing gives 122.22 mm before final seaming. This rounded illustration is not a closed-can manufacturing specification.

Selected illustrative example within this product class or published range; not a universal size or an exact named product.

Source edition described below; accessed 2026-11-13

Ball · 12 oz standard can engineering drawing ↗Full record

Everyday objects / bicycle

Bicycle

Reference geometry
Archived

1.75 m

Current

1.75 m

Selected example

Selected adult bicycle, wheels aligned; not a frame size.

Rear tyre extremity to front tyre extremity.

Measurement basis

2027 Heist 2, geometry: S wheelbase 1050 mm; 700C wheels.

A 1050 mm wheelbase plus approximately 700 mm outer wheel diameter gives roughly 1.75 m overall. This is an illustrative calculation, not an exact manufacturer overall-length claim.

Selected illustrative example within this product class or published range; not a universal size or an exact named product.

Source edition described below; accessed 2026-11-13

Polygon Bikes · Heist 2 geometry ↗Full record

Sports / soccer-ball

Soccer ball

Updated illustration
Archived

22 cm

Current

22 cm

Selected example

Selected size 5 association-football ball.

Diameter through centre.

Measurement basis

2026/27 Law 2.1, circumference 68–70 cm.

Dividing circumference by π gives diameter 21.65–22.28 cm.

Selected illustrative example within this product class or published range; not a universal size or an exact named product.

Source edition described below; accessed 2026-11-13

The IFAB ↗Full record

Sports / basketball

Basketball

Updated illustration
Archived

24 cm

Current

24 cm

Selected example

Selected men’s size 7 basketball; not a women’s size 6.

Diameter through centre.

Measurement basis

Ball specification, size 7: circumference 750–770 mm.

Circumference / π gives approximately 238.7–245.1 mm diameter.

Selected illustrative example within this product class or published range; not a universal size or an exact named product.

Source edition described below; accessed 2026-11-13

FIBA · Basketball Equipment 2020 ↗Full record

Sports / tennis-ball

Tennis ball

Updated illustration
Archived

6.7 cm

Current

6.7 cm

Selected example

Selected Type 2 tennis ball, not a larger Type 3 or junior ball.

Diameter through centre.

Measurement basis

Appendix I, printed p. 19, Type 2 size 6.54–6.86 cm.

Selected 6.7 cm diameter lies inside the permitted range.

Selected illustrative example within this product class or published range; not a universal size or an exact named product.

Source edition described below; accessed 2026-11-13

ITF · Rules of Tennis 2026 ↗Full record

Sports / baseball

Baseball

Updated illustration
Archived

7.4 cm

Current

7.4 cm

Selected example

Selected regulation baseball.

Diameter through centre; seams included in illustrated outside boundary.

Measurement basis

Rule 3.1, printed p. 12, circumference 9–9¼ inches.

Inch circumference converted exactly then divided by π gives about 72.77–74.79 mm diameter.

Selected illustrative example within this product class or published range; not a universal size or an exact named product.

Source edition described below; accessed 2026-11-13

WBSC · Official Rules of Baseball 2023–2024 ↗Full record

Sports / golf-ball

Golf ball

Updated illustration
Archived

4.27 cm

Current

4.27 cm

Selected example

Example at the published minimum diameter; larger conforming balls exist.

Diameter through centre.

Measurement basis

Part 4, section 3, Size: minimum diameter 42.67 mm.

42.67 mm is a lower bound, not the unique permitted diameter.

Selected illustrative example within this product class or published range; not a universal size or an exact named product.

Source edition described below; accessed 2026-11-13

The R&A / USGA · Equipment Rules ↗Full record

Sports / bowling-ball

Bowling ball

Updated illustration
Archived

21.6 cm

Current

21.6 cm

Selected example

Selected tenpin bowling ball.

Diameter through centre, ignoring the depth of finger holes.

Measurement basis

Tenpin bowling ball diameter limits: 8.500–8.595 inches.

The limits convert to 215.9–218.313 mm. A 216 mm example falls within them.

Selected illustrative example within this product class or published range; not a universal size or an exact named product.

Source edition described below; accessed 2026-11-13

USBC · Equipment Specifications Manual ↗Full record

Sports / basketball-hoop

Basketball hoop

Updated illustration
Archived

3.05 m

Current

3.05 m

Published measurement

Nominal regulation height to the TOP edge of the rim, not the backboard.

Court surface to top of ring.

Measurement basis

Section 1.2.4, printed p. 9: ring top edge 3050 mm ±6 mm. Sections 1.1.3–1.1.5, p. 7: backboard 1800×1050 mm, target rectangle 590×450 mm. Sections 1.2.2 and 1.3.1, pp. 8–10: 12 net attachments and 400–450 mm net length.

Official Basketball Rules 2024 · Basketball Equipment, valid 1 October 2024

FIBA · Basketball Equipment 2024 ↗Full record

Sports / soccer-goal

Soccer goal

Updated illustration
Archived

7.32 m

Current

7.32 m

Published measurement

Regulation clear opening between posts; excludes post thickness.

Inside edge of left post to inside edge of right post.

Measurement basis

Law 1.10: 7.32 m between inside post edges, 2.44 m from ground to crossbar underside; posts and crossbar at most 12 cm thick.

2026/27 Laws of the Game, accessed 2026-11-14

The IFAB ↗Full record

Sports / tennis-court

Tennis court

Updated illustration
Archived

23.8 m

Current

23.77 m

Published measurement

Regulation court length, excluding surrounding run-off space.

Outside edge of one baseline to outside edge of the other.

Measurement basis

Rule 1, printed p. 2: 23.77 m, dimensions to outside of lines.

Source edition described below; accessed 2026-11-13

ITF · Rules of Tennis 2026 ↗Full record

Sports / soccer-pitch

Soccer pitch

Updated illustration
Archived

105 m

Current

105 m

Published measurement

UEFA category 3/4 pitch; other football pitches may have different permitted lengths.

Goal line to goal line; excludes run-off areas.

Measurement basis

Article 5, category 3 and 4 table: 105 × 68 m.

Source edition described below; accessed 2026-11-13

UEFA · Stadium Infrastructure Regulations 2025 ↗Full record

Sports / olympic-pool

Olympic swimming pool

Updated illustration
Archived

50 m

Current

50 m

Published measurement

Nominal long-course racing length between installed touch panels; excludes pool deck.

Inside racing boundary at one end to the other.

Measurement basis

Length and dimensional tolerances: 50 m pool.

Source edition described below; accessed 2026-11-13

World Aquatics · Swimming Pool Certification 2024 ↗Full record

Vehicles / car

Mid-size sedan

Updated illustration
Archived

4.9 m

Current

4.9 m

Selected example

Unbranded midsize sedan in the 4.9 m class.

Rear to front bumper, excluding accessories.

Measurement basis

Dimensions: length 4920 mm.

The manufacturer example measures 4.920 m; illustration is not a specific model.

Selected illustrative example within this product class or published range; not a universal size or an exact named product.

Source edition described below; accessed 2026-11-13

Toyota · Camry specifications ↗Full record

Vehicles / city-bus

City bus

Reference geometry
Archived

12 m

Current

12 m

Selected example

An unbranded city bus in the 12 m class; not a specific Citaro model.

Rear to front body extremity in side elevation; mirrors do not define length.

Measurement basis

Printed pp. 2–3, Citaro (two-door), Length: 12,135 mm.

The manufacturer lists 12.135 m for this Citaro model.

12 m is a practical representative length for this bus class. The game does not claim a 12 m Citaro specification.

Citaro technical brochure; undated retained copy reviewed 2026-11-13

Mercedes-Benz Buses · pp. 2–3 ↗Full record

Vehicles / double-decker-bus

London double-decker bus

Updated illustration
Archived

4.4 m

Current

4.4 m

Selected example

Selected London-style double-decker bus, not a specific vehicle specification.

Ground under tyres to roof; no advertising equipment.

Measurement basis

CA5441 CT007 revision A, vehicle profile: overall body height 4.422 m.

Engineering vehicle template for New Routemaster gives 4.422 m overall height; 4.4 m represents this class.

Selected illustrative example within this product class or published range; not a universal size or an exact named product.

Source edition described below; accessed 2026-11-13

Caneparo Associates · vehicle tracking drawing ↗Full record

Vehicles / shipping-container

40-foot shipping container

Updated illustration
Archived

12.2 m

Current

12.192 m0.02%

Published measurement

40-foot ISO container nominal external overall length; not cargo-space internal length.

40-foot ISO container nominal external overall length; not cargo-space internal length.

Measurement basis

Container specification / external 40 ft = 12,192 mm.

Published specification accessed 2026-11-13

Hapag-Lloyd ↗Full record

Vehicles / boeing-747

Boeing 747-8

Updated illustration
Archived

76.3 m

Current

76.3 m

Published measurement

747-8 Intercontinental overall length, not 747-400 length.

747-8 Intercontinental overall length, not 747-400 length.

Measurement basis

747-8 cross section and dimensions: side view 76.3 m (250 ft 2 in), manufacturer metre precision retained.

Published specification accessed 2026-11-13

Boeing ↗Full record

Vehicles / titanic

RMS Titanic

Updated illustration
Archived

269 m

Current

269.1 m

Published measurement

RMS Titanic overall length, not length between perpendiculars.

RMS Titanic overall length, not length between perpendiculars.

Measurement basis

Dimensions: 882 ft 9 in overall = 269.0628 m; rounded to 0.1 m.

Published specification accessed 2026-11-13

Titanic International Society ↗Full record

Vehicles / saturn-v

Saturn V rocket

Updated illustration
Archived

111 m

Current

110.6 m

Published measurement

Apollo–Saturn V complete launch stack including escape tower; excludes crawler and launch platform.

Apollo–Saturn V complete launch stack including escape tower; excludes crawler and launch platform.

Measurement basis

Information Summaries: Apollo-Saturn V height 110.6 m (363 ft).

Published specification accessed 2026-11-13

NASA ↗Full record

Vehicles / iss

International Space Station

Updated illustration
Archived

109 m

Current

109 m

Published measurement

Overall span across the solar-array/truss axis; not pressurized module length.

Overall span across the solar-array/truss axis; not pressurized module length.

Measurement basis

ISS structure measures 109 m across arrays, by 51 m module length.

Published specification accessed 2026-11-13

NASA ↗Full record

Vehicles / hindenburg

Hindenburg airship

Updated illustration
Archived

245 m

Current

245 m

Published measurement

LZ 129 Hindenburg overall nose-to-tail length.

LZ 129 Hindenburg overall nose-to-tail length.

Measurement basis

Technical data: Length 245 meters. Museum archive article, 31 July 2024.

Published specification accessed 2026-11-13

Zeppelin Museum ↗Full record

Vehicles / container-ship

Ultra-large container ship

Updated illustration
Archived

400 m

Current

400 m

Selected example

An unbranded 400 m class ultra-large container ship, overall bow-to-stern length.

An unbranded 400 m class ultra-large container ship, overall bow-to-stern length.

Measurement basis

Size / physical description or technical dimensions

Port’s vessel record gives Ever Given length 400 m. This drawing is a class example, not a detailed vessel plan.

A selected reference example within the documented size class; not a universal average, maximum or exact specimen measurement.

Source accessed 2026-11-13

Port of Hamburg ↗Full record

Landmarks / great-pyramid

Great Pyramid of Giza

Updated illustration
Archived

139 m

Current

138.75 m0.18%

Published measurement

Surviving Great Pyramid height above its base; not reconstructed original height.

Surviving Great Pyramid height above its base; not reconstructed original height.

Measurement basis

The Treasures of the Pyramids, Stadelmann chapter: surviving height 138.75 m, original 146.59 m. Source-specific published figure; other surveys and references use different rounding.

Published specification accessed 2026-11-13

Rainer Stadelmann · Harvard Giza Project archive ↗Full record

Landmarks / eiffel-tower

Eiffel Tower

Reference geometry
Archived

330 m

Current

330 m

Published measurement

Overall height including the antenna installed in March 2022.

Ground to antenna tip; not roof height or the previous 324 m height.

Measurement basis

Section: 2022 — 330 meters.

Antenna installation on 2022-03-15

Société d’Exploitation de la Tour Eiffel ↗Full record

Landmarks / big-ben

Big Ben

Updated illustration
Archived

96 m

Current

96 m

Published measurement

Elizabeth Tower overall height, not the Big Ben bell.

Ground or specified base to the named top endpoint.

Measurement basis

Tower height: 96 metres; publisher precision retained.

Publisher page reviewed 2026-11-13

UK Parliament ↗Full record

Landmarks / leaning-tower-of-pisa

Leaning Tower of Pisa

Reference geometry
Archived

56.7 m

Current

56 m-1.18%

Published measurement

Above-ground height; municipality’s approximately 56 m figure, not foundation-to-top length.

Above-ground height; municipality’s approximately 56 m figure, not foundation-to-top length.

Measurement basis

Municipal description: circa 56 metri. Published whole-metre precision retained; no unsupported 56.67 m precision or high-side label.

Published specification accessed 2026-11-13

Municipality of Pisa ↗Full record

Landmarks / washington-monument

Washington Monument

Updated illustration
Archived

169 m

Current

169.046 m0.03%

Published measurement

Architectural height from lowest open-air pedestrian entrance to top; 2014 survey.

Ground or specified base to the named top endpoint.

Measurement basis

NOAA Technical Report NOS NGS 51: architectural height 169.046 m.

Publisher page reviewed 2026-11-13

NOAA National Geodetic Survey ↗Full record

Landmarks / empire-state-building

Empire State Building

Updated illustration
Archived

443 m

Current

443.2 m

Published measurement

Overall height including antenna, not 381 m roof height.

Ground or specified base to the named top endpoint.

Measurement basis

Height 1454 ft × 0.3048 = 443.1792 m, rounded to 0.1 m.

Publisher page reviewed 2026-11-13

Empire State Realty Trust ↗Full record

Landmarks / burj-khalifa

Burj Khalifa

Reference geometry
Archived

828 m

Current

828 m

Published measurement

Architectural height including the spire, excluding technical equipment above it.

Lowest significant open-air pedestrian entrance to architectural top; not the 829.8 m tip or highest occupied floor.

Measurement basis

Emaar: 828 metres; Skyscraper Center: Height, Architectural.

Completed building; operator and Skyscraper Center records accessed 2026-11-13

Emaar ↗Full record

Landmarks / taipei-101

Taipei 101

Updated illustration
Archived

508 m

Current

508 m

Published measurement

Operator’s published overall tower height including spire; rounded to metres.

Ground or specified base to the named top endpoint.

Measurement basis

How high is Taipei 101? 508 metres.

Publisher page reviewed 2026-11-13

Taipei 101 ↗Full record

Landmarks / one-world-trade-center

One World Trade Center

Updated illustration
Archived

541 m

Current

541.3 m

Published measurement

Architectural height including spire; not the 546.2 m technical tip.

Ground or specified base to the named top endpoint.

Measurement basis

Height: Architectural, 541.3 m.

Publisher page reviewed 2026-11-13

Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat ↗Full record

Landmarks / cn-tower

CN Tower

Updated illustration
Archived

553 m

Current

553.33 m0.01%

Published measurement

Base to top of antenna.

Ground or specified base to the named top endpoint.

Measurement basis

Common questions: How tall is the CN Tower? 553.33 metres.

Publisher page reviewed 2026-11-13

CN Tower ↗Full record

Landmarks / space-needle

Space Needle

Updated illustration
Archived

184 m

Current

184.4 m0.22%

Published measurement

Ground to aircraft warning beacon.

Ground or specified base to the named top endpoint.

Measurement basis

605 ft × 0.3048 = 184.404 m; rounded to 0.1 m.

Publisher page reviewed 2026-11-13

Space Needle ↗Full record

Landmarks / gateway-arch

Gateway Arch

Reference geometry
Archived

192 m

Current

192 m

Published measurement

Ground to arch top; operator’s published metre figure.

Ground or specified base to the named top endpoint.

Measurement basis

630 feet (192 m), same height and outside width; rounding as published.

Publisher page reviewed 2026-11-13

US National Park Service ↗Full record

Landmarks / arc-de-triomphe

Arc de Triomphe

Updated illustration
Archived

50 m

Current

50 m

Published measurement

Ground to top of the monument.

Ground or specified base to the named top endpoint.

Measurement basis

Services et conditions de visite: monument measures 50 metres.

Publisher page reviewed 2026-11-13

Centre des monuments nationaux ↗Full record

Landmarks / london-eye

London Eye

Reference geometry
Archived

135 m

Current

135 m

Published measurement

Overall height above ground, including the highest pod; not wheel diameter.

Ground or specified base to the named top endpoint.

Measurement basis

About the London Eye: How tall? 135 metres.

Publisher page reviewed 2026-11-13

London Eye / Merlin Entertainments ↗Full record

Landmarks / golden-gate-bridge

Golden Gate Bridge

Updated illustration
Archived

2.7 km

Current

2.737 km

Published measurement

Overall bridge length including approaches, abutment to abutment; not the main span.

Extreme ends along the documented longitudinal axis.

Measurement basis

Length, Width, Height, Weight: 2737 m (8981 ft); metre precision as published.

Publisher page reviewed 2026-11-13

Golden Gate Bridge Highway and Transportation District ↗Full record

Landmarks / statue-of-liberty

Statue of Liberty

Updated illustration
Archived

93 m

Current

92.99 m-0.01%

Published measurement

Ground to torch tip, including foundation and pedestal.

Ground beneath the foundation to the torch flame tip; includes 46.94 m of foundation and pedestal beneath the 46.05 m figure.

Measurement basis

Statue statistics: height from base to torch 92.99 m.

Publisher page reviewed 2026-11-13

US National Park Service ↗Full record

Landmarks / christ-the-redeemer

Christ the Redeemer

Updated illustration
Archived

38 m

Current

38 m

Published measurement

30 m statue plus 8 m pedestal.

Ground beneath the 8 m pedestal to the top of the 30 m statue, a total of 38 m.

Measurement basis

Restauro Cristo 90 Anos: 38 m including the pedestal.

Publisher page reviewed 2026-11-13

Santuário Cristo Redentor ↗Full record

Countries and states / canada

Canada

Updated illustration
Archived

9,984,670 km²

Current

9,984,670 km²

Published measurement

Surface area of the named country/territory as reported by the UN; not land-only area.

Filled area of an equal-area projected outline, calibrated to the adopted published area.

Measurement basis

General information: Surface area (km²); footnotes: 2023

UNData country profile / 2025 World Statistics Pocketbook; area reference year 2023

United Nations Statistics Division ↗Full record

Countries and states / united-states

Contiguous United States

Updated illustration
Archived

8,080,470 km²

Current

8,081,867 km²0.02%

Published measurement

Contiguous 48 states plus DC; total area including water, excluding Alaska and Hawaii.

Filled area of an equal-area projected outline, calibrated to the adopted published area.

Measurement basis

United States total 9833517 − Alaska total 1723337 − Hawaii total 28313 = 8081867 km². Arithmetic uses the published integer km² columns.

2010 Census State Area Measurements; derived contiguous total

US Census Bureau · 2010 ↗Full record

Countries and states / brazil

Brazil

Updated illustration
Archived

8,515,767 km²

Current

8,515,767 km²

Published measurement

Surface area of the named country/territory as reported by the UN; not land-only area.

Filled area of an equal-area projected outline, calibrated to the adopted published area.

Measurement basis

General information: Surface area (km²); footnotes: 2023

UNData country profile / 2025 World Statistics Pocketbook; area reference year 2023

United Nations Statistics Division ↗Full record

Countries and states / australia

Australia

Updated illustration
Archived

7,692,024 km²

Current

7,692,024 km²

Published measurement

Australia including Norfolk Island; excludes external Antarctic claims.

Filled area of an equal-area projected outline, calibrated to the adopted published area.

Measurement basis

General information: Surface area (km²); footnotes: Including Norfolk Island. , 2023

UNData country profile / 2025 World Statistics Pocketbook; area reference year 2023

United Nations Statistics Division ↗Full record

Countries and states / kazakhstan

Kazakhstan

Updated illustration
Archived

2,724,900 km²

Current

2,724,902 km²0.00%

Published measurement

Surface area of the named country/territory as reported by the UN; not land-only area.

Filled area of an equal-area projected outline, calibrated to the adopted published area.

Measurement basis

General information: Surface area (km²); footnotes: 2023

UNData country profile / 2025 World Statistics Pocketbook; area reference year 2023

United Nations Statistics Division ↗Full record

Countries and states / algeria

Algeria

Updated illustration
Archived

2,381,741 km²

Current

2,381,741 km²

Published measurement

Surface area of the named country/territory as reported by the UN; not land-only area.

Filled area of an equal-area projected outline, calibrated to the adopted published area.

Measurement basis

General information: Surface area (km²); footnotes: 2023

UNData country profile / 2025 World Statistics Pocketbook; area reference year 2023

United Nations Statistics Division ↗Full record

Countries and states / dr-congo

Congo - Kinshasa

Updated illustration
Archived

2,344,858 km²

Current

2,345,410 km²0.02%

Published measurement

Surface area of the named country/territory as reported by the UN; not land-only area.

Filled area of an equal-area projected outline, calibrated to the adopted published area.

Measurement basis

General information: Surface area (km²); footnotes: 2023

UNData country profile / 2025 World Statistics Pocketbook; area reference year 2023

United Nations Statistics Division ↗Full record

Countries and states / greenland

Greenland

Updated illustration
Archived

2,166,086 km²

Current

2,166,086 km²

Published measurement

Greenland including the ice sheet; not the ice-free area.

Filled area of an equal-area projected outline, calibrated to the adopted published area.

Measurement basis

General information: Surface area (km²); footnotes: 2023

UNData country profile / 2025 World Statistics Pocketbook; area reference year 2023

United Nations Statistics Division ↗Full record

Countries and states / mexico

Mexico

Updated illustration
Archived

1,964,375 km²

Current

1,964,375 km²

Published measurement

Surface area of the named country/territory as reported by the UN; not land-only area.

Filled area of an equal-area projected outline, calibrated to the adopted published area.

Measurement basis

General information: Surface area (km²); footnotes: 2023

UNData country profile / 2025 World Statistics Pocketbook; area reference year 2023

United Nations Statistics Division ↗Full record

Countries and states / indonesia

Indonesia

Updated illustration
Archived

1,904,569 km²

Current

1,910,931 km²0.33%

Published measurement

Surface area of the named country/territory as reported by the UN; not land-only area.

Filled area of an equal-area projected outline, calibrated to the adopted published area.

Measurement basis

General information: Surface area (km²); footnotes: 2023

UNData country profile / 2025 World Statistics Pocketbook; area reference year 2023

United Nations Statistics Division ↗Full record

Countries and states / iran

Iran

Updated illustration
Archived

1,648,195 km²

Current

1,630,848 km²-1.05%

Published measurement

Surface area of the named country/territory as reported by the UN; not land-only area.

Filled area of an equal-area projected outline, calibrated to the adopted published area.

Measurement basis

General information: Surface area (km²); footnotes: 2023

UNData country profile / 2025 World Statistics Pocketbook; area reference year 2023

United Nations Statistics Division ↗Full record

Countries and states / mongolia

Mongolia

Updated illustration
Archived

1,564,116 km²

Current

1,564,116 km²

Published measurement

Surface area of the named country/territory as reported by the UN; not land-only area.

Filled area of an equal-area projected outline, calibrated to the adopted published area.

Measurement basis

General information: Surface area (km²); footnotes: 2023

UNData country profile / 2025 World Statistics Pocketbook; area reference year 2023

United Nations Statistics Division ↗Full record

Countries and states / peru

Peru

Updated illustration
Archived

1,285,216 km²

Current

1,285,216 km²

Published measurement

Surface area of the named country/territory as reported by the UN; not land-only area.

Filled area of an equal-area projected outline, calibrated to the adopted published area.

Measurement basis

General information: Surface area (km²); footnotes: 2023

UNData country profile / 2025 World Statistics Pocketbook; area reference year 2023

United Nations Statistics Division ↗Full record

Countries and states / south-africa

South Africa

Updated illustration
Archived

1,221,037 km²

Current

1,221,037 km²

Published measurement

Surface area of the named country/territory as reported by the UN; not land-only area.

Filled area of an equal-area projected outline, calibrated to the adopted published area.

Measurement basis

General information: Surface area (km²); footnotes: 2023

UNData country profile / 2025 World Statistics Pocketbook; area reference year 2023

United Nations Statistics Division ↗Full record

Countries and states / colombia

Colombia

Updated illustration
Archived

1,141,748 km²

Current

1,141,748 km²

Published measurement

Surface area of the named country/territory as reported by the UN; not land-only area.

Filled area of an equal-area projected outline, calibrated to the adopted published area.

Measurement basis

General information: Surface area (km²); footnotes: 2023

UNData country profile / 2025 World Statistics Pocketbook; area reference year 2023

United Nations Statistics Division ↗Full record

Countries and states / nigeria

Nigeria

Updated illustration
Archived

923,768 km²

Current

923,768 km²

Published measurement

Surface area of the named country/territory as reported by the UN; not land-only area.

Filled area of an equal-area projected outline, calibrated to the adopted published area.

Measurement basis

General information: Surface area (km²); footnotes: 2023

UNData country profile / 2025 World Statistics Pocketbook; area reference year 2023

United Nations Statistics Division ↗Full record

Countries and states / chile

Chile

Updated illustration
Archived

756,102 km²

Current

756,102 km²

Published measurement

Chile as reported by the UN; excludes Antarctic territorial claims.

Filled area of an equal-area projected outline, calibrated to the adopted published area.

Measurement basis

General information: Surface area (km²); footnotes: 2023

UNData country profile / 2025 World Statistics Pocketbook; area reference year 2023

United Nations Statistics Division ↗Full record

Countries and states / madagascar

Madagascar

Updated illustration
Archived

587,041 km²

Current

587,041 km²

Published measurement

Surface area of the named country/territory as reported by the UN; not land-only area.

Filled area of an equal-area projected outline, calibrated to the adopted published area.

Measurement basis

General information: Surface area (km²); footnotes: 2023

UNData country profile / 2025 World Statistics Pocketbook; area reference year 2023

United Nations Statistics Division ↗Full record

Countries and states / france

France

Updated illustration
Archived

543,940 km²

Current

551,500 km²1.39%

Published measurement

Metropolitan France, including Corsica; excludes overseas departments and territories.

Filled area of an equal-area projected outline, calibrated to the adopted published area.

Measurement basis

General information: Surface area (km²); footnotes: 2023

UNData country profile / 2025 World Statistics Pocketbook; area reference year 2023

United Nations Statistics Division ↗Full record

Countries and states / spain

Spain

Updated illustration
Archived

498,500 km²

Current

506,008 km²1.51%

Published measurement

Spain including the Balearic and Canary Islands; not mainland-only Spain.

Filled area of an equal-area projected outline, calibrated to the adopted published area.

Measurement basis

General information: Surface area (km²); footnotes: 2023

UNData country profile / 2025 World Statistics Pocketbook; area reference year 2023

United Nations Statistics Division ↗Full record

Countries and states / sweden

Sweden

Updated illustration
Archived

450,295 km²

Current

438,574 km²-2.60%

Published measurement

Surface area of the named country/territory as reported by the UN; not land-only area.

Filled area of an equal-area projected outline, calibrated to the adopted published area.

Measurement basis

General information: Surface area (km²); footnotes: 2023

UNData country profile / 2025 World Statistics Pocketbook; area reference year 2023

United Nations Statistics Division ↗Full record

Countries and states / germany

Germany

Updated illustration
Archived

357,592 km²

Current

357,581 km²-0.00%

Published measurement

Surface area of the named country/territory as reported by the UN; not land-only area.

Filled area of an equal-area projected outline, calibrated to the adopted published area.

Measurement basis

General information: Surface area (km²); footnotes: 2023

UNData country profile / 2025 World Statistics Pocketbook; area reference year 2023

United Nations Statistics Division ↗Full record

Countries and states / finland

Finland

Updated illustration
Archived

338,455 km²

Current

338,491 km²0.01%

Published measurement

Land and inland fresh water, including Åland; excludes sea water.

Filled area of an equal-area projected outline, calibrated to the adopted published area.

Measurement basis

Geographical data: Finland’s area, 1 January 2025. Area = 304000 land + 34491 fresh water.

Finland in Figures 2025; 1 January 2025

Statistics Finland / National Land Survey ↗Full record

Countries and states / poland

Poland

Updated illustration
Archived

312,696 km²

Current

312,679 km²-0.01%

Published measurement

Surface area of the named country/territory as reported by the UN; not land-only area.

Filled area of an equal-area projected outline, calibrated to the adopted published area.

Measurement basis

General information: Surface area (km²); footnotes: 2023

UNData country profile / 2025 World Statistics Pocketbook; area reference year 2023

United Nations Statistics Division ↗Full record

Countries and states / italy

Italy

Updated illustration
Archived

301,340 km²

Current

302,068 km²0.24%

Published measurement

Surface area of the named country/territory as reported by the UN; not land-only area.

Filled area of an equal-area projected outline, calibrated to the adopted published area.

Measurement basis

General information: Surface area (km²); footnotes: 2023

UNData country profile / 2025 World Statistics Pocketbook; area reference year 2023

United Nations Statistics Division ↗Full record

Countries and states / new-zealand

New Zealand

Updated illustration
Archived

267,055 km²

Current

268,107 km²0.39%

Published measurement

New Zealand, excluding Cook Islands, Niue and Tokelau.

Filled area of an equal-area projected outline, calibrated to the adopted published area.

Measurement basis

General information: Surface area (km²); footnotes: 2023

UNData country profile / 2025 World Statistics Pocketbook; area reference year 2023

United Nations Statistics Division ↗Full record

Countries and states / united-kingdom

United Kingdom

Updated illustration
Archived

243,610 km²

Current

242,495 km²-0.46%

Published measurement

United Kingdom, excluding Channel Islands and Isle of Man.

Filled area of an equal-area projected outline, calibrated to the adopted published area.

Measurement basis

General information: Surface area (km²); footnotes: Excluding Channel Islands (Guernsey and Jersey) and Isle of Man, shown separately, if available. , 2023

UNData country profile / 2025 World Statistics Pocketbook; area reference year 2023

United Nations Statistics Division ↗Full record

Countries and states / cuba

Cuba

Updated illustration
Archived

109,884 km²

Current

109,884 km²

Published measurement

Surface area of the named country/territory as reported by the UN; not land-only area.

Filled area of an equal-area projected outline, calibrated to the adopted published area.

Measurement basis

General information: Surface area (km²); footnotes: 2023

UNData country profile / 2025 World Statistics Pocketbook; area reference year 2023

United Nations Statistics Division ↗Full record

Countries and states / iceland

Iceland

Updated illustration
Archived

103,000 km²

Current

103,000 km²

Published measurement

Surface area of the named country/territory as reported by the UN; not land-only area.

Filled area of an equal-area projected outline, calibrated to the adopted published area.

Measurement basis

General information: Surface area (km²); footnotes: 2023

UNData country profile / 2025 World Statistics Pocketbook; area reference year 2023

United Nations Statistics Division ↗Full record

Countries and states / ireland

Ireland

Updated illustration
Archived

70,273 km²

Current

69,825 km²-0.64%

Published measurement

Surface area of the named country/territory as reported by the UN; not land-only area.

Filled area of an equal-area projected outline, calibrated to the adopted published area.

Measurement basis

General information: Surface area (km²); footnotes: 2023

UNData country profile / 2025 World Statistics Pocketbook; area reference year 2023

United Nations Statistics Division ↗Full record

Countries and states / alaska

Alaska

Updated illustration
Archived

1,477,953 km²

Current

1,477,953 km²

Published measurement

Alaska land area only, including Aleutian islands. Water area excluded.

Filled area of an equal-area projected outline, calibrated to the adopted published area.

Measurement basis

Alaska row: Land Area / Sq. Km., not Total Area.

2010 Census State Area Measurements

US Census Bureau · 2010 ↗Full record

Countries and states / texas

Texas

Updated illustration
Archived

695,662 km²

Current

695,662 km²

Published measurement

State total area, including land and water; not land area alone.

Filled area of the simplified 2017 Census outline, scaled to the published 2010 total.

Measurement basis

Texas row, Total Area / Sq. Km. (land-only column: 676,587).

2010 Census State Area Measurements

US Census Bureau · 2010 ↗Full record

Countries and states / california

California

Updated illustration
Archived

423,967 km²

Current

423,967 km²

Published measurement

State total area, including land and water; not land area alone.

Filled area of the simplified 2017 Census outline, scaled to the published 2010 total.

Measurement basis

California row, Total Area / Sq. Km. (land-only column: 403,466).

2010 Census State Area Measurements

US Census Bureau · 2010 ↗Full record

Countries and states / norway

Norway

Updated illustration
Archived

323,802 km²

Current

323,807 km²0.00%

Published measurement

Mainland Norway and coastal islands; land and fresh water, excluding Svalbard and Jan Mayen.

Filled area of an equal-area projected outline, calibrated to the adopted published area.

Measurement basis

Table 1: The mainland, In all, 2026.

SSB, updated 26 January 2026

Statistics Norway / Norwegian Mapping Authority ↗Full record

Countries and states / austria

Austria

Updated illustration
Archived

83,879 km²

Current

83,878 km²-0.00%

Published measurement

Surface area of the named country/territory as reported by the UN; not land-only area.

Filled area of an equal-area projected outline, calibrated to the adopted published area.

Measurement basis

General information: Surface area (km²); footnotes: 2023

UNData country profile / 2025 World Statistics Pocketbook; area reference year 2023

United Nations Statistics Division ↗Full record

Countries and states / switzerland

Switzerland

Updated illustration
Archived

41,285 km²

Current

41,291 km²0.01%

Published measurement

Surface area of the named country/territory as reported by the UN; not land-only area.

Filled area of an equal-area projected outline, calibrated to the adopted published area.

Measurement basis

General information: Surface area (km²); footnotes: 2023

UNData country profile / 2025 World Statistics Pocketbook; area reference year 2023

United Nations Statistics Division ↗Full record

Countries and states / denmark

Denmark

Updated illustration
Archived

42,933 km²

Current

42,938 km²0.01%

Published measurement

Denmark proper, excluding Greenland and Faroe Islands.

Filled area of an equal-area projected outline, calibrated to the adopted published area.

Measurement basis

General information: Surface area (km²); footnotes: Excluding Faeroe Islands and Greenland shown separately, if available. , 2023

UNData country profile / 2025 World Statistics Pocketbook; area reference year 2023

United Nations Statistics Division ↗Full record

Countries and states / namibia

Namibia

Updated illustration
Archived

825,615 km²

Current

825,229 km²-0.05%

Published measurement

Surface area of the named country/territory as reported by the UN; not land-only area.

Filled area of an equal-area projected outline, calibrated to the adopted published area.

Measurement basis

General information: Surface area (km²); footnotes: 2023

UNData country profile / 2025 World Statistics Pocketbook; area reference year 2023

United Nations Statistics Division ↗Full record

Countries and states / mozambique

Mozambique

Updated illustration
Archived

801,590 km²

Current

799,380 km²-0.28%

Published measurement

Surface area of the named country/territory as reported by the UN; not land-only area.

Filled area of an equal-area projected outline, calibrated to the adopted published area.

Measurement basis

General information: Surface area (km²); footnotes: 2023

UNData country profile / 2025 World Statistics Pocketbook; area reference year 2023

United Nations Statistics Division ↗Full record

Countries and states / botswana

Botswana

Updated illustration
Archived

581,730 km²

Current

582,000 km²0.05%

Published measurement

Surface area of the named country/territory as reported by the UN; not land-only area.

Filled area of an equal-area projected outline, calibrated to the adopted published area.

Measurement basis

General information: Surface area (km²); footnotes: 2023

UNData country profile / 2025 World Statistics Pocketbook; area reference year 2023

United Nations Statistics Division ↗Full record

Countries and states / sri-lanka

Sri Lanka

Updated illustration
Archived

65,610 km²

Current

65,610 km²

Published measurement

Surface area of the named country/territory as reported by the UN; not land-only area.

Filled area of an equal-area projected outline, calibrated to the adopted published area.

Measurement basis

General information: Surface area (km²); footnotes: 2023

UNData country profile / 2025 World Statistics Pocketbook; area reference year 2023

United Nations Statistics Division ↗Full record